Recent years have seen an enormous amount of experimental and clinical research into role of the pulmonary veins (PVs) in atrial fibrillation (AF). Advanced imaging techniques have confirmed the ...

The upper pulmonary veins (PVs) are responsible for the majority of atrial fibrillation (AF) triggering foci, whereas the inferior PVs are more difficult to ablate and prone to postablation ostial ...

BARCELONA, Spain—A comprehensive ablation strategy—a three-step approach that systematically targets the anatomical atrial structures known to be proarrhythmogenic—is superior to pulmonary vein ...

Catheter-based pulmonary vein isolation is an effective treatment for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Pulsed field ablation, which delivers microsecond high-voltage electrical fields, may limit damage ...

Pulmonary vein stenosis (narrowing) may be congenital or may be acquired after surgery to correct other congenital cardiac anomalies. It is rare and often associated with other cardiac abnormalities.